In literature, “inferior” functions as a versatile marker to indicate a lesser quality, rank, or capacity across various contexts. It often appears in epic poetry and historical narratives to contrast strengths or assert hierarchical distinctions, as when a warrior’s power or a militia’s capacity is measured against a superior counterpart [1, 2]. In scientific and technical writings, the term delineates differences in material quality or anatomical structure, pointing out that one substance or feature is of a lower grade than another [3, 4]. Authors also apply “inferior” in social and moral discourses, where it underscores power imbalances or subtle disparagement in interpersonal relations, as seen in discussions about personal status or societal roles [5, 6]. In doing so, the word enriches texts by encapsulating comparative judgments that transcend simple quantification, weaving a complex tapestry of evaluation that spans genres and eras [7, 8].