Literary notes about bumptious (AI summary)
The word "bumptious" has often been employed in literature to capture an air of overbearing self-assurance or insolence. For instance, in Benito Pérez Galdós’s work [1], the term is layered with implications of stubbornness and truculence, suggesting a rough, unyielding quality. In contrast, Thomas Jefferson [2] uses "bumptious" to describe an excess of self-confidence that ultimately undermines a character’s effectiveness, hinting at the drawbacks of arrogance. James Joyce [3] adapts the term in his depiction of secular priests, placing it within the context of both ignorance and misplaced boldness, while W. E. B. Du Bois [4] employs it in a more introspective exploration of personal states, juxtaposing it with other conditions such as cringing or immobility. Finally, Arthur Conan Doyle [5] uses "bumptious" to denote an irritatingly domineering conversational style, illustrating its versatile use in characterizing overly assertive behavior across different literary landscapes.